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山药是人们生活中的好食材
山药为薯蓣科草质藤本，根茎棒状，长达30~70厘米，最长达100厘米以上，根少分枝，白色根着生许多须根，粘性，断面茎细长，可达丈余。叶对生，叶形多变化，常为心脏形或剪形掌状，叶脉6~9出，叶腋间生有株芽(称零余子，也叫山药豆)可食用。
山药主要产地河南博爱、武陟、温县，山东高唐等地。随着科技种植业的快速发展，2015年高碑店堼胜村、菊花台村；固安县野场村、胡家庄村、沙河口等村街，已推广种植山药。铁棍山药是目前产量最高，卖相最好的品种。亩产量8000斤以上，每亩可收入万余元的可喜利润。
山药每100g含水分75g左右，碳水化合物14.5~20g，蛋白质1.5~2.2g，脂肪0.1~0.2g，薯蓣皂苷50ug及B族维生素、维生素C、维生素E、碳水化合物以淀粉为主。
山药不仅口感美味，它本身具有补脾益肺、固肾益精、开胃等功效，因此它可以广泛的用于附助治疗一些像是脾虚泄泻，消化不良以及肺虚咳喘，包括像是糖尿病以及男子的性功能低下，遗精和女子的带下病。
除此之外，铁棍山药对于一些像糖尿病有很好的保健预防作用，还可以提高人体的免疫力，增强人体对于像是肿瘤等相关疾病的抵抗力；还可以调节人体中内分泌，所以是人们生活中保健、食疗不可缺少的好食材。每年在春天3月时种植，到10月份开始收获，山药喜欢在温暖干燥的环境下生长，6月就会开花结果，8~10月果实成熟。
2020年11月9日
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